001/**
002 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
003 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
004 * distributed with this work for additional information
005 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
006 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
007 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
008 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
009 *
010 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
011 *
012 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
013 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
014 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
015 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
016 * limitations under the License.
017 */
018package org.apache.hadoop.hbase.mapreduce;
019
020import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
021import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
022
023import java.io.File;
024import java.io.IOException;
025import java.util.Iterator;
026import java.util.Map;
027import java.util.NavigableMap;
028import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileUtil;
029import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
030import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.Cell;
031import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.CellUtil;
032import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseClassTestRule;
033import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseTestingUtility;
034import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HConstants;
035import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
036import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Put;
037import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Result;
038import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ResultScanner;
039import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Scan;
040import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Table;
041import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.io.ImmutableBytesWritable;
042import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.testclassification.LargeTests;
043import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.testclassification.MapReduceTests;
044import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
045import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
046import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;
047import org.junit.AfterClass;
048import org.junit.BeforeClass;
049import org.junit.ClassRule;
050import org.junit.Test;
051import org.junit.experimental.categories.Category;
052import org.slf4j.Logger;
053import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
054
055/**
056 * Test Map/Reduce job over HBase tables. The map/reduce process we're testing
057 * on our tables is simple - take every row in the table, reverse the value of
058 * a particular cell, and write it back to the table.
059 */
060@Category({MapReduceTests.class, LargeTests.class})
061public class TestMultithreadedTableMapper {
062
063  @ClassRule
064  public static final HBaseClassTestRule CLASS_RULE =
065      HBaseClassTestRule.forClass(TestMultithreadedTableMapper.class);
066
067  private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TestMultithreadedTableMapper.class);
068  private static final HBaseTestingUtility UTIL =
069      new HBaseTestingUtility();
070  static final TableName MULTI_REGION_TABLE_NAME = TableName.valueOf("mrtest");
071  static final byte[] INPUT_FAMILY = Bytes.toBytes("contents");
072  static final byte[] OUTPUT_FAMILY = Bytes.toBytes("text");
073  static final int    NUMBER_OF_THREADS = 10;
074
075  @BeforeClass
076  public static void beforeClass() throws Exception {
077    // Up the handlers; this test needs more than usual.
078    UTIL.getConfiguration().setInt(HConstants.REGION_SERVER_HIGH_PRIORITY_HANDLER_COUNT, 10);
079    UTIL.startMiniCluster();
080    Table table =
081        UTIL.createMultiRegionTable(MULTI_REGION_TABLE_NAME, new byte[][] { INPUT_FAMILY,
082            OUTPUT_FAMILY });
083    UTIL.loadTable(table, INPUT_FAMILY, false);
084    UTIL.waitUntilAllRegionsAssigned(MULTI_REGION_TABLE_NAME);
085  }
086
087  @AfterClass
088  public static void afterClass() throws Exception {
089    UTIL.shutdownMiniCluster();
090  }
091
092  /**
093   * Pass the given key and processed record reduce
094   */
095  public static class ProcessContentsMapper
096  extends TableMapper<ImmutableBytesWritable, Put> {
097
098    /**
099     * Pass the key, and reversed value to reduce
100     *
101     * @param key
102     * @param value
103     * @param context
104     * @throws IOException
105     */
106    @Override
107    public void map(ImmutableBytesWritable key, Result value,
108        Context context)
109            throws IOException, InterruptedException {
110      if (value.size() != 1) {
111        throw new IOException("There should only be one input column");
112      }
113      Map<byte[], NavigableMap<byte[], NavigableMap<Long, byte[]>>>
114      cf = value.getMap();
115      if(!cf.containsKey(INPUT_FAMILY)) {
116        throw new IOException("Wrong input columns. Missing: '" +
117            Bytes.toString(INPUT_FAMILY) + "'.");
118      }
119      // Get the original value and reverse it
120      String originalValue = Bytes.toString(value.getValue(INPUT_FAMILY, INPUT_FAMILY));
121      StringBuilder newValue = new StringBuilder(originalValue);
122      newValue.reverse();
123      // Now set the value to be collected
124      Put outval = new Put(key.get());
125      outval.addColumn(OUTPUT_FAMILY, null, Bytes.toBytes(newValue.toString()));
126      context.write(key, outval);
127    }
128  }
129
130  /**
131   * Test multithreadedTableMappper map/reduce against a multi-region table
132   * @throws IOException
133   * @throws ClassNotFoundException
134   * @throws InterruptedException
135   */
136  @Test
137  public void testMultithreadedTableMapper()
138      throws IOException, InterruptedException, ClassNotFoundException {
139    runTestOnTable(UTIL.getConnection().getTable(MULTI_REGION_TABLE_NAME));
140  }
141
142  private void runTestOnTable(Table table)
143      throws IOException, InterruptedException, ClassNotFoundException {
144    Job job = null;
145    try {
146      LOG.info("Before map/reduce startup");
147      job = new Job(table.getConfiguration(), "process column contents");
148      job.setNumReduceTasks(1);
149      Scan scan = new Scan();
150      scan.addFamily(INPUT_FAMILY);
151      TableMapReduceUtil.initTableMapperJob(
152          table.getName(), scan,
153          MultithreadedTableMapper.class, ImmutableBytesWritable.class,
154          Put.class, job);
155      MultithreadedTableMapper.setMapperClass(job, ProcessContentsMapper.class);
156      MultithreadedTableMapper.setNumberOfThreads(job, NUMBER_OF_THREADS);
157      TableMapReduceUtil.initTableReducerJob(
158          table.getName().getNameAsString(),
159          IdentityTableReducer.class, job);
160      FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path("test"));
161      LOG.info("Started " + table.getName());
162      assertTrue(job.waitForCompletion(true));
163      LOG.info("After map/reduce completion");
164      // verify map-reduce results
165      verify(table.getName());
166    } finally {
167      table.close();
168      if (job != null) {
169        FileUtil.fullyDelete(
170            new File(job.getConfiguration().get("hadoop.tmp.dir")));
171      }
172    }
173  }
174
175  private void verify(TableName tableName) throws IOException {
176    Table table = UTIL.getConnection().getTable(tableName);
177    boolean verified = false;
178    long pause = UTIL.getConfiguration().getLong("hbase.client.pause", 5 * 1000);
179    int numRetries = UTIL.getConfiguration().getInt(HConstants.HBASE_CLIENT_RETRIES_NUMBER, 5);
180    for (int i = 0; i < numRetries; i++) {
181      try {
182        LOG.info("Verification attempt #" + i);
183        verifyAttempt(table);
184        verified = true;
185        break;
186      } catch (NullPointerException e) {
187        // If here, a cell was empty.  Presume its because updates came in
188        // after the scanner had been opened.  Wait a while and retry.
189        LOG.debug("Verification attempt failed: " + e.getMessage());
190      }
191      try {
192        Thread.sleep(pause);
193      } catch (InterruptedException e) {
194        // continue
195      }
196    }
197    assertTrue(verified);
198    table.close();
199  }
200
201  /**
202   * Looks at every value of the mapreduce output and verifies that indeed
203   * the values have been reversed.
204   *
205   * @param table Table to scan.
206   * @throws IOException
207   * @throws NullPointerException if we failed to find a cell value
208   */
209  private void verifyAttempt(final Table table)
210      throws IOException, NullPointerException {
211    Scan scan = new Scan();
212    scan.addFamily(INPUT_FAMILY);
213    scan.addFamily(OUTPUT_FAMILY);
214    ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);
215    try {
216      Iterator<Result> itr = scanner.iterator();
217      assertTrue(itr.hasNext());
218      while(itr.hasNext()) {
219        Result r = itr.next();
220        if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
221          if (r.size() > 2 ) {
222            throw new IOException("Too many results, expected 2 got " +
223                r.size());
224          }
225        }
226        byte[] firstValue = null;
227        byte[] secondValue = null;
228        int count = 0;
229        for(Cell kv : r.listCells()) {
230          if (count == 0) {
231            firstValue = CellUtil.cloneValue(kv);
232          }else if (count == 1) {
233            secondValue = CellUtil.cloneValue(kv);
234          }else if (count == 2) {
235            break;
236          }
237          count++;
238        }
239        String first = "";
240        if (firstValue == null) {
241          throw new NullPointerException(Bytes.toString(r.getRow()) +
242              ": first value is null");
243        }
244        first = Bytes.toString(firstValue);
245        String second = "";
246        if (secondValue == null) {
247          throw new NullPointerException(Bytes.toString(r.getRow()) +
248              ": second value is null");
249        }
250        byte[] secondReversed = new byte[secondValue.length];
251        for (int i = 0, j = secondValue.length - 1; j >= 0; j--, i++) {
252          secondReversed[i] = secondValue[j];
253        }
254        second = Bytes.toString(secondReversed);
255        if (first.compareTo(second) != 0) {
256          if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
257            LOG.debug("second key is not the reverse of first. row=" +
258                Bytes.toStringBinary(r.getRow()) + ", first value=" + first +
259                ", second value=" + second);
260          }
261          fail();
262        }
263      }
264    } finally {
265      scanner.close();
266    }
267  }
268
269}
270