/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client;

import static org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.*;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.lessThan;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertArrayEquals;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotSame;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNull;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertSame;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.fail;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.ArrayBackedTag;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.ByteBufferKeyValue;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.Cell;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.CellComparator;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.CellScanner;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.CellUtil;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.KeyValue;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.Tag;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.testclassification.ClientTests;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.testclassification.SmallTests;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.ByteBufferUtils;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.EnvironmentEdgeManager;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

@org.junit.jupiter.api.Tag(SmallTests.TAG)
@org.junit.jupiter.api.Tag(ClientTests.TAG)
public class TestResult {

  private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TestResult.class.getName());

  static KeyValue[] genKVs(final byte[] row, final byte[] family, final byte[] value,
    final long timestamp, final int cols) {
    KeyValue[] kvs = new KeyValue[cols];

    for (int i = 0; i < cols; i++) {
      kvs[i] =
        new KeyValue(row, family, Bytes.toBytes(i), timestamp, Bytes.add(value, Bytes.toBytes(i)));
    }
    return kvs;
  }

  static final byte[] row = Bytes.toBytes("row");
  static final byte[] family = Bytes.toBytes("family");
  static final byte[] value = Bytes.toBytes("value");
  static final byte[] qual = Bytes.toBytes("qual");

  /**
   * Run some tests to ensure Result acts like a proper CellScanner.
   */
  @Test
  public void testResultAsCellScanner() throws IOException {
    Cell[] cells = genKVs(row, family, value, 1, 10);
    Arrays.sort(cells, CellComparator.getInstance());
    Result r = Result.create(cells);
    assertCellsSame(r, cells);
    // Assert I run over same result multiple times.
    assertCellsSame(r.cellScanner(), cells);
    assertCellsSame(r.cellScanner(), cells);
    // Assert we are not creating new object when doing cellscanner
    assertSame(r, r.cellScanner());
  }

  private void assertCellsSame(final CellScanner cellScanner, final Cell[] cells)
    throws IOException {
    int count = 0;
    while (cellScanner.advance()) {
      assertTrue(cells[count].equals(cellScanner.current()));
      count++;
    }
    assertEquals(cells.length, count);
  }

  @Test
  public void testBasicGetColumn() throws Exception {
    KeyValue[] kvs = genKVs(row, family, value, 1, 100);

    Arrays.sort(kvs, CellComparator.getInstance());

    Result r = Result.create(kvs);

    for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
      final byte[] qf = Bytes.toBytes(i);

      List<Cell> ks = r.getColumnCells(family, qf);
      assertEquals(1, ks.size());
      assertTrue(CellUtil.matchingQualifier(ks.get(0), qf));
      assertEquals(ks.get(0), r.getColumnLatestCell(family, qf));
    }
  }

  @Test
  public void testCurrentOnEmptyCell() throws IOException {
    Result r = Result.create(new Cell[0]);
    assertFalse(r.advance());
    assertNull(r.current());
  }

  @Test
  public void testAdvanceMultipleOnEmptyCell() throws IOException {
    Result r = Result.create(new Cell[0]);
    // After HBASE-26688, advance of result with empty cell list will always return false.
    // Here 10 is an arbitrary number to test the logic.
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
      assertFalse(r.advance());
    }
  }

  @Test
  public void testMultiVersionGetColumn() throws Exception {
    KeyValue[] kvs1 = genKVs(row, family, value, 1, 100);
    KeyValue[] kvs2 = genKVs(row, family, value, 200, 100);

    KeyValue[] kvs = new KeyValue[kvs1.length + kvs2.length];
    System.arraycopy(kvs1, 0, kvs, 0, kvs1.length);
    System.arraycopy(kvs2, 0, kvs, kvs1.length, kvs2.length);

    Arrays.sort(kvs, CellComparator.getInstance());

    Result r = Result.create(kvs);
    for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
      final byte[] qf = Bytes.toBytes(i);

      List<Cell> ks = r.getColumnCells(family, qf);
      assertEquals(2, ks.size());
      assertTrue(CellUtil.matchingQualifier(ks.get(0), qf));
      assertEquals(200, ks.get(0).getTimestamp());
      assertEquals(ks.get(0), r.getColumnLatestCell(family, qf));
    }
  }

  @Test
  public void testBasicGetValue() throws Exception {
    KeyValue[] kvs = genKVs(row, family, value, 1, 100);

    Arrays.sort(kvs, CellComparator.getInstance());

    Result r = Result.create(kvs);

    for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
      final byte[] qf = Bytes.toBytes(i);

      assertArrayEquals(Bytes.add(value, Bytes.toBytes(i)), r.getValue(family, qf));
      assertTrue(r.containsColumn(family, qf));
    }
  }

  @Test
  public void testMultiVersionGetValue() throws Exception {
    KeyValue[] kvs1 = genKVs(row, family, value, 1, 100);
    KeyValue[] kvs2 = genKVs(row, family, value, 200, 100);

    KeyValue[] kvs = new KeyValue[kvs1.length + kvs2.length];
    System.arraycopy(kvs1, 0, kvs, 0, kvs1.length);
    System.arraycopy(kvs2, 0, kvs, kvs1.length, kvs2.length);

    Arrays.sort(kvs, CellComparator.getInstance());

    Result r = Result.create(kvs);
    for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
      final byte[] qf = Bytes.toBytes(i);

      assertArrayEquals(Bytes.add(value, Bytes.toBytes(i)), r.getValue(family, qf));
      assertTrue(r.containsColumn(family, qf));
    }
  }

  @Test
  public void testBasicLoadValue() throws Exception {
    KeyValue[] kvs = genKVs(row, family, value, 1, 100);

    Arrays.sort(kvs, CellComparator.getInstance());

    Result r = Result.create(kvs);
    ByteBuffer loadValueBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);

    for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
      final byte[] qf = Bytes.toBytes(i);

      loadValueBuffer.clear();
      r.loadValue(family, qf, loadValueBuffer);
      loadValueBuffer.flip();
      assertEquals(loadValueBuffer, ByteBuffer.wrap(Bytes.add(value, Bytes.toBytes(i))));
      assertEquals(ByteBuffer.wrap(Bytes.add(value, Bytes.toBytes(i))),
        r.getValueAsByteBuffer(family, qf));
    }
  }

  @Test
  public void testMultiVersionLoadValue() throws Exception {
    KeyValue[] kvs1 = genKVs(row, family, value, 1, 100);
    KeyValue[] kvs2 = genKVs(row, family, value, 200, 100);

    KeyValue[] kvs = new KeyValue[kvs1.length + kvs2.length];
    System.arraycopy(kvs1, 0, kvs, 0, kvs1.length);
    System.arraycopy(kvs2, 0, kvs, kvs1.length, kvs2.length);

    Arrays.sort(kvs, CellComparator.getInstance());

    ByteBuffer loadValueBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);

    Result r = Result.create(kvs);
    for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
      final byte[] qf = Bytes.toBytes(i);

      loadValueBuffer.clear();
      r.loadValue(family, qf, loadValueBuffer);
      loadValueBuffer.flip();
      assertEquals(loadValueBuffer, ByteBuffer.wrap(Bytes.add(value, Bytes.toBytes(i))));
      assertEquals(ByteBuffer.wrap(Bytes.add(value, Bytes.toBytes(i))),
        r.getValueAsByteBuffer(family, qf));
    }
  }

  /**
   * Verify that Result.compareResults(...) behaves correctly.
   */
  @Test
  public void testCompareResults() throws Exception {
    byte[] value1 = Bytes.toBytes("value1");
    byte[] qual = Bytes.toBytes("qual");

    KeyValue kv1 = new KeyValue(row, family, qual, value);
    KeyValue kv2 = new KeyValue(row, family, qual, value1);

    Result r1 = Result.create(new KeyValue[] { kv1 });
    Result r2 = Result.create(new KeyValue[] { kv2 });
    // no exception thrown
    Result.compareResults(r1, r1);
    // these are different (HBASE-4800)
    Exception x = assertThrows(Exception.class, () -> Result.compareResults(r1, r2));
    assertThat(x.getMessage(), startsWith("This result was different:"));
  }

  @Test
  public void testCompareResultsWithTags() throws Exception {
    Tag t1 = new ArrayBackedTag((byte) 1, Bytes.toBytes("TAG1"));
    Tag t2 = new ArrayBackedTag((byte) 2, Bytes.toBytes("TAG2"));
    // Both BB backed tags KV are null
    Result result1 = getByteBufferBackedTagResult(null);
    Result result2 = getByteBufferBackedTagResult(null);
    Result.compareResults(result1, result2);

    // Test both byte buffer backed tags KeyValue
    result1 = getByteBufferBackedTagResult(t1);
    result2 = getByteBufferBackedTagResult(t1);
    Result.compareResults(result1, result2);

    // Both array backed tags KV are null
    result1 = getArrayBackedTagResult(null);
    result2 = getArrayBackedTagResult(null);
    Result.compareResults(result1, result2);

    // Test both array backed tags KeyValue
    result1 = getArrayBackedTagResult(t1);
    result2 = getArrayBackedTagResult(t1);
    Result.compareResults(result1, result2);

    // left instance of byte buffer and right instance of array backed
    result1 = getByteBufferBackedTagResult(t1);
    result2 = getArrayBackedTagResult(t1);
    Result.compareResults(result1, result2);

    // left instance of array backed and right instance of byte buffer backed.
    result1 = getArrayBackedTagResult(t1);
    result2 = getByteBufferBackedTagResult(t1);
    Result.compareResults(result1, result2);

    // Left BB backed null tag and right BB backed non null tag
    result1 = getByteBufferBackedTagResult(null);
    result2 = getByteBufferBackedTagResult(t2);
    try {
      Result.compareResults(result1, result2);
      fail();
    } catch (Exception e) {
      // Expected
    }

    // Left BB backed non null tag and right BB backed null tag
    result1 = getByteBufferBackedTagResult(t1);
    result2 = getByteBufferBackedTagResult(null);
    try {
      Result.compareResults(result1, result2);
      fail();
    } catch (Exception e) {
      // Expected
    }

    // Both byte buffer backed tags KV are different
    result1 = getByteBufferBackedTagResult(t1);
    result2 = getByteBufferBackedTagResult(t2);
    try {
      Result.compareResults(result1, result2);
      fail();
    } catch (Exception e) {
      // Expected
    }

    // Left array backed non null tag and right array backed null tag
    result1 = getArrayBackedTagResult(t1);
    result2 = getArrayBackedTagResult(null);
    try {
      Result.compareResults(result1, result2);
      fail();
    } catch (Exception e) {
      // Expected
    }

    // Left array backed null tag and right array backed non null tag
    result1 = getByteBufferBackedTagResult(null);
    result2 = getByteBufferBackedTagResult(t2);
    try {
      Result.compareResults(result1, result2);
      fail();
    } catch (Exception e) {
      // Expected
    }

    // Both array backed tags KV are different
    result1 = getArrayBackedTagResult(t1);
    result2 = getArrayBackedTagResult(t2);
    try {
      Result.compareResults(result1, result2);
      fail();
    } catch (Exception e) {
      // Expected
    }

    // left instance of byte buffer and right instance of array backed are different
    result1 = getByteBufferBackedTagResult(t1);
    result2 = getArrayBackedTagResult(t2);
    try {
      Result.compareResults(result1, result2);
      fail();
    } catch (Exception e) {
      // Expected
    }

    // left instance of array backed and right instance of byte buffer backed are different
    result1 = getArrayBackedTagResult(t1);
    result2 = getByteBufferBackedTagResult(t2);
    try {
      Result.compareResults(result1, result2);
      fail();
    } catch (Exception e) {
      // Expected
    }
  }

  @Test
  public void testCompareResultMemoryUsage() {
    List<Cell> cells1 = new ArrayList<>();
    for (long i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
      cells1.add(new KeyValue(row, family, Bytes.toBytes(i), value));
    }

    List<Cell> cells2 = new ArrayList<>();
    for (long i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
      cells2.add(new KeyValue(row, family, Bytes.toBytes(i), Bytes.toBytes(i)));
    }

    Result r1 = Result.create(cells1);
    Result r2 = Result.create(cells2);
    try {
      Result.compareResults(r1, r2);
      fail();
    } catch (Exception x) {
      assertTrue(x.getMessage().startsWith("This result was different:"));
      assertThat(x.getMessage().length(), greaterThan(100));
    }

    try {
      Result.compareResults(r1, r2, false);
      fail();
    } catch (Exception x) {
      assertEquals("This result was different: row=row", x.getMessage());
      assertThat(x.getMessage().length(), lessThan(100));
    }
  }

  private Result getArrayBackedTagResult(Tag tag) {
    List<Tag> tags = null;
    if (tag != null) {
      tags = Arrays.asList(tag);
    }
    KeyValue kvCell = new KeyValue(row, family, qual, 0L, KeyValue.Type.Put, value, tags);
    return Result.create(new Cell[] { kvCell });
  }

  private Result getByteBufferBackedTagResult(Tag tag) {
    List<Tag> tags = null;
    if (tag != null) {
      tags = Arrays.asList(tag);
    }
    KeyValue kvCell = new KeyValue(row, family, qual, 0L, KeyValue.Type.Put, value, tags);
    ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(kvCell.getBuffer().length);
    ByteBufferUtils.copyFromArrayToBuffer(buf, kvCell.getBuffer(), 0, kvCell.getBuffer().length);
    ByteBufferKeyValue bbKV = new ByteBufferKeyValue(buf, 0, buf.capacity(), 0L);
    return Result.create(new Cell[] { bbKV });
  }

  /**
   * Verifies that one can't modify instance of EMPTY_RESULT.
   */
  @Test
  public void testEmptyResultIsReadonly() {
    Result emptyResult = Result.EMPTY_RESULT;
    Result otherResult = new Result();

    try {
      emptyResult.copyFrom(otherResult);
      fail("UnsupportedOperationException should have been thrown!");
    } catch (UnsupportedOperationException ex) {
      LOG.debug("As expected: " + ex.getMessage());
    }
    try {
      emptyResult.setExists(true);
      fail("UnsupportedOperationException should have been thrown!");
    } catch (UnsupportedOperationException ex) {
      LOG.debug("As expected: " + ex.getMessage());
    }
  }

  /**
   * Microbenchmark that compares {@link Result#getValue} and {@link Result#loadValue} performance.
   */
  public void doReadBenchmark() throws Exception {
    final int n = 5;
    final int m = 100000000;

    StringBuilder valueSB = new StringBuilder();
    for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
      valueSB.append((byte) (Math.random() * 10));
    }

    StringBuilder rowSB = new StringBuilder();
    for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
      rowSB.append((byte) (Math.random() * 10));
    }

    KeyValue[] kvs =
      genKVs(Bytes.toBytes(rowSB.toString()), family, Bytes.toBytes(valueSB.toString()), 1, n);
    Arrays.sort(kvs, CellComparator.getInstance());
    ByteBuffer loadValueBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
    Result r = Result.create(kvs);

    byte[][] qfs = new byte[n][Bytes.SIZEOF_INT];
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
      System.arraycopy(qfs[i], 0, Bytes.toBytes(i), 0, Bytes.SIZEOF_INT);
    }

    // warm up
    for (int k = 0; k < 100000; k++) {
      for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
        r.getValue(family, qfs[i]);
        loadValueBuffer.clear();
        r.loadValue(family, qfs[i], loadValueBuffer);
        loadValueBuffer.flip();
      }
    }

    System.gc();
    long start = System.nanoTime();
    for (int k = 0; k < m; k++) {
      for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
        loadValueBuffer.clear();
        r.loadValue(family, qfs[i], loadValueBuffer);
        loadValueBuffer.flip();
      }
    }
    long stop = System.nanoTime();
    LOG.info("loadValue(): " + (stop - start));

    System.gc();
    start = System.nanoTime();
    for (int k = 0; k < m; k++) {
      for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        r.getValue(family, qfs[i]);
      }
    }
    stop = System.nanoTime();
    LOG.info("getValue():  " + (stop - start));
  }

  @Test
  public void testCreateResultWithCellArray() {
    Cell[] cells = genKVs(row, family, value, EnvironmentEdgeManager.currentTime(), 5);
    Result r = Result.create(cells);
    // the cells is actually a KeyValue[], which can be cast to ExtendedCell[] directly, so we
    // should get the same one without copying
    assertSame(cells, r.rawCells());

    Cell[] emptyCells = new Cell[0];
    Result emptyResult = Result.create(emptyCells);
    // emptyCells is a Cell[] instead of ExtendedCell[], so we need to copy it to a new array
    assertNotSame(emptyCells, emptyResult.rawCells());
  }

  /**
   * Calls non-functional test methods.
   */
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    TestResult testResult = new TestResult();
    try {
      testResult.doReadBenchmark();
    } catch (Exception e) {
      LOG.error("Unexpected exception", e);
    }
  }
}