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1   /**
2    *
3    * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
4    * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
5    * distributed with this work for additional information
6    * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
7    * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
8    * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
9    * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
10   *
11   *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
12   *
13   * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
14   * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
15   * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
16   * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
17   * limitations under the License.
18   */
19  package org.apache.hadoop.hbase.mapreduce;
20  
21  import static java.lang.String.format;
22  
23  import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
24  import com.google.common.base.Splitter;
25  import com.google.common.collect.Lists;
26  
27  import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
28  import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
29  import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
30  import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
31  import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configured;
32  import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
33  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
34  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HColumnDescriptor;
35  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HConstants;
36  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor;
37  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
38  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableNotFoundException;
39  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.classification.InterfaceAudience;
40  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.classification.InterfaceStability;
41  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Admin;
42  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Connection;
43  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory;
44  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Put;
45  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.RegionLocator;
46  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Table;
47  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.io.ImmutableBytesWritable;
48  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Base64;
49  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
50  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Pair;
51  import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
52  import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
53  import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat;
54  import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.TextInputFormat;
55  import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;
56  import org.apache.hadoop.security.Credentials;
57  import org.apache.hadoop.util.GenericOptionsParser;
58  import org.apache.hadoop.util.Tool;
59  import org.apache.hadoop.util.ToolRunner;
60  
61  import java.io.File;
62  import java.io.IOException;
63  import java.util.ArrayList;
64  import java.util.HashSet;
65  import java.util.Set;
66  
67  /**
68   * Tool to import data from a TSV file.
69   *
70   * This tool is rather simplistic - it doesn't do any quoting or
71   * escaping, but is useful for many data loads.
72   *
73   * @see ImportTsv#usage(String)
74   */
75  @InterfaceAudience.Public
76  @InterfaceStability.Stable
77  public class ImportTsv extends Configured implements Tool {
78  
79    protected static final Log LOG = LogFactory.getLog(ImportTsv.class);
80  
81    final static String NAME = "importtsv";
82  
83    public final static String MAPPER_CONF_KEY = "importtsv.mapper.class";
84    public final static String BULK_OUTPUT_CONF_KEY = "importtsv.bulk.output";
85    public final static String TIMESTAMP_CONF_KEY = "importtsv.timestamp";
86    public final static String JOB_NAME_CONF_KEY = "mapreduce.job.name";
87    // TODO: the rest of these configs are used exclusively by TsvImporterMapper.
88    // Move them out of the tool and let the mapper handle its own validation.
89    public final static String SKIP_LINES_CONF_KEY = "importtsv.skip.bad.lines";
90    public final static String COLUMNS_CONF_KEY = "importtsv.columns";
91    public final static String SEPARATOR_CONF_KEY = "importtsv.separator";
92    public final static String ATTRIBUTE_SEPERATOR_CONF_KEY = "attributes.seperator";
93    //This config is used to propagate credentials from parent MR jobs which launch
94    //ImportTSV jobs. SEE IntegrationTestImportTsv.
95    public final static String CREDENTIALS_LOCATION = "credentials_location";
96    final static String DEFAULT_SEPARATOR = "\t";
97    final static String DEFAULT_ATTRIBUTES_SEPERATOR = "=>";
98    final static String DEFAULT_MULTIPLE_ATTRIBUTES_SEPERATOR = ",";
99    final static Class DEFAULT_MAPPER = TsvImporterMapper.class;
100   public final static String CREATE_TABLE_CONF_KEY = "create.table";
101   public final static String NO_STRICT_COL_FAMILY = "no.strict";
102 
103   public static class TsvParser {
104     /**
105      * Column families and qualifiers mapped to the TSV columns
106      */
107     private final byte[][] families;
108     private final byte[][] qualifiers;
109 
110     private final byte separatorByte;
111 
112     private int rowKeyColumnIndex;
113 
114     private int maxColumnCount;
115 
116     // Default value must be negative
117     public static final int DEFAULT_TIMESTAMP_COLUMN_INDEX = -1;
118 
119     private int timestampKeyColumnIndex = DEFAULT_TIMESTAMP_COLUMN_INDEX;
120 
121     public static final String ROWKEY_COLUMN_SPEC = "HBASE_ROW_KEY";
122 
123     public static final String TIMESTAMPKEY_COLUMN_SPEC = "HBASE_TS_KEY";
124 
125     public static final String ATTRIBUTES_COLUMN_SPEC = "HBASE_ATTRIBUTES_KEY";
126 
127     public static final String CELL_VISIBILITY_COLUMN_SPEC = "HBASE_CELL_VISIBILITY";
128 
129     public static final String CELL_TTL_COLUMN_SPEC = "HBASE_CELL_TTL";
130 
131     private int attrKeyColumnIndex = DEFAULT_ATTRIBUTES_COLUMN_INDEX;
132 
133     public static final int DEFAULT_ATTRIBUTES_COLUMN_INDEX = -1;
134 
135     public static final int DEFAULT_CELL_VISIBILITY_COLUMN_INDEX = -1;
136 
137     public static final int DEFAULT_CELL_TTL_COLUMN_INDEX = -1;
138 
139     private int cellVisibilityColumnIndex = DEFAULT_CELL_VISIBILITY_COLUMN_INDEX;
140 
141     private int cellTTLColumnIndex = DEFAULT_CELL_TTL_COLUMN_INDEX;
142 
143     /**
144      * @param columnsSpecification the list of columns to parser out, comma separated.
145      * The row key should be the special token TsvParser.ROWKEY_COLUMN_SPEC
146      * @param separatorStr
147      */
148     public TsvParser(String columnsSpecification, String separatorStr) {
149       // Configure separator
150       byte[] separator = Bytes.toBytes(separatorStr);
151       Preconditions.checkArgument(separator.length == 1,
152         "TsvParser only supports single-byte separators");
153       separatorByte = separator[0];
154 
155       // Configure columns
156       ArrayList<String> columnStrings = Lists.newArrayList(
157         Splitter.on(',').trimResults().split(columnsSpecification));
158 
159       maxColumnCount = columnStrings.size();
160       families = new byte[maxColumnCount][];
161       qualifiers = new byte[maxColumnCount][];
162 
163       for (int i = 0; i < columnStrings.size(); i++) {
164         String str = columnStrings.get(i);
165         if (ROWKEY_COLUMN_SPEC.equals(str)) {
166           rowKeyColumnIndex = i;
167           continue;
168         }
169         if (TIMESTAMPKEY_COLUMN_SPEC.equals(str)) {
170           timestampKeyColumnIndex = i;
171           continue;
172         }
173         if (ATTRIBUTES_COLUMN_SPEC.equals(str)) {
174           attrKeyColumnIndex = i;
175           continue;
176         }
177         if (CELL_VISIBILITY_COLUMN_SPEC.equals(str)) {
178           cellVisibilityColumnIndex = i;
179           continue;
180         }
181         if (CELL_TTL_COLUMN_SPEC.equals(str)) {
182           cellTTLColumnIndex = i;
183           continue;
184         }
185         String[] parts = str.split(":", 2);
186         if (parts.length == 1) {
187           families[i] = str.getBytes();
188           qualifiers[i] = HConstants.EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY;
189         } else {
190           families[i] = parts[0].getBytes();
191           qualifiers[i] = parts[1].getBytes();
192         }
193       }
194     }
195 
196     public boolean hasTimestamp() {
197       return timestampKeyColumnIndex != DEFAULT_TIMESTAMP_COLUMN_INDEX;
198     }
199 
200     public int getTimestampKeyColumnIndex() {
201       return timestampKeyColumnIndex;
202     }
203 
204     public boolean hasAttributes() {
205       return attrKeyColumnIndex != DEFAULT_ATTRIBUTES_COLUMN_INDEX;
206     }
207 
208     public boolean hasCellVisibility() {
209       return cellVisibilityColumnIndex != DEFAULT_CELL_VISIBILITY_COLUMN_INDEX;
210     }
211 
212     public boolean hasCellTTL() {
213       return cellTTLColumnIndex != DEFAULT_CELL_VISIBILITY_COLUMN_INDEX;
214     }
215 
216     public int getAttributesKeyColumnIndex() {
217       return attrKeyColumnIndex;
218     }
219 
220     public int getCellVisibilityColumnIndex() {
221       return cellVisibilityColumnIndex;
222     }
223 
224     public int getCellTTLColumnIndex() {
225       return cellTTLColumnIndex;
226     }
227 
228     public int getRowKeyColumnIndex() {
229       return rowKeyColumnIndex;
230     }
231 
232     public byte[] getFamily(int idx) {
233       return families[idx];
234     }
235     public byte[] getQualifier(int idx) {
236       return qualifiers[idx];
237     }
238 
239     public ParsedLine parse(byte[] lineBytes, int length)
240     throws BadTsvLineException {
241       // Enumerate separator offsets
242       ArrayList<Integer> tabOffsets = new ArrayList<Integer>(maxColumnCount);
243       for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
244         if (lineBytes[i] == separatorByte) {
245           tabOffsets.add(i);
246         }
247       }
248       if (tabOffsets.isEmpty()) {
249         throw new BadTsvLineException("No delimiter");
250       }
251 
252       tabOffsets.add(length);
253 
254       if (tabOffsets.size() > maxColumnCount) {
255         throw new BadTsvLineException("Excessive columns");
256       } else if (tabOffsets.size() <= getRowKeyColumnIndex()) {
257         throw new BadTsvLineException("No row key");
258       } else if (hasTimestamp()
259           && tabOffsets.size() <= getTimestampKeyColumnIndex()) {
260         throw new BadTsvLineException("No timestamp");
261       } else if (hasAttributes() && tabOffsets.size() <= getAttributesKeyColumnIndex()) {
262         throw new BadTsvLineException("No attributes specified");
263       } else if (hasCellVisibility() && tabOffsets.size() <= getCellVisibilityColumnIndex()) {
264         throw new BadTsvLineException("No cell visibility specified");
265       } else if (hasCellTTL() && tabOffsets.size() <= getCellTTLColumnIndex()) {
266         throw new BadTsvLineException("No cell TTL specified");
267       }
268       return new ParsedLine(tabOffsets, lineBytes);
269     }
270 
271     class ParsedLine {
272       private final ArrayList<Integer> tabOffsets;
273       private byte[] lineBytes;
274 
275       ParsedLine(ArrayList<Integer> tabOffsets, byte[] lineBytes) {
276         this.tabOffsets = tabOffsets;
277         this.lineBytes = lineBytes;
278       }
279 
280       public int getRowKeyOffset() {
281         return getColumnOffset(rowKeyColumnIndex);
282       }
283       public int getRowKeyLength() {
284         return getColumnLength(rowKeyColumnIndex);
285       }
286 
287       public long getTimestamp(long ts) throws BadTsvLineException {
288         // Return ts if HBASE_TS_KEY is not configured in column spec
289         if (!hasTimestamp()) {
290           return ts;
291         }
292 
293         String timeStampStr = Bytes.toString(lineBytes,
294             getColumnOffset(timestampKeyColumnIndex),
295             getColumnLength(timestampKeyColumnIndex));
296         try {
297           return Long.parseLong(timeStampStr);
298         } catch (NumberFormatException nfe) {
299           // treat this record as bad record
300           throw new BadTsvLineException("Invalid timestamp " + timeStampStr);
301         }
302       }
303 
304       private String getAttributes() {
305         if (!hasAttributes()) {
306           return null;
307         } else {
308           return Bytes.toString(lineBytes, getColumnOffset(attrKeyColumnIndex),
309               getColumnLength(attrKeyColumnIndex));
310         }
311       }
312 
313       public String[] getIndividualAttributes() {
314         String attributes = getAttributes();
315         if (attributes != null) {
316           return attributes.split(DEFAULT_MULTIPLE_ATTRIBUTES_SEPERATOR);
317         } else {
318           return null;
319         }
320       }
321 
322       public int getAttributeKeyOffset() {
323         if (hasAttributes()) {
324           return getColumnOffset(attrKeyColumnIndex);
325         } else {
326           return DEFAULT_ATTRIBUTES_COLUMN_INDEX;
327         }
328       }
329 
330       public int getAttributeKeyLength() {
331         if (hasAttributes()) {
332           return getColumnLength(attrKeyColumnIndex);
333         } else {
334           return DEFAULT_ATTRIBUTES_COLUMN_INDEX;
335         }
336       }
337 
338       public int getCellVisibilityColumnOffset() {
339         if (hasCellVisibility()) {
340           return getColumnOffset(cellVisibilityColumnIndex);
341         } else {
342           return DEFAULT_CELL_VISIBILITY_COLUMN_INDEX;
343         }
344       }
345 
346       public int getCellVisibilityColumnLength() {
347         if (hasCellVisibility()) {
348           return getColumnLength(cellVisibilityColumnIndex);
349         } else {
350           return DEFAULT_CELL_VISIBILITY_COLUMN_INDEX;
351         }
352       }
353 
354       public String getCellVisibility() {
355         if (!hasCellVisibility()) {
356           return null;
357         } else {
358           return Bytes.toString(lineBytes, getColumnOffset(cellVisibilityColumnIndex),
359               getColumnLength(cellVisibilityColumnIndex));
360         }
361       }
362 
363       public int getCellTTLColumnOffset() {
364         if (hasCellTTL()) {
365           return getColumnOffset(cellTTLColumnIndex);
366         } else {
367           return DEFAULT_CELL_TTL_COLUMN_INDEX;
368         }
369       }
370 
371       public int getCellTTLColumnLength() {
372         if (hasCellTTL()) {
373           return getColumnLength(cellTTLColumnIndex);
374         } else {
375           return DEFAULT_CELL_TTL_COLUMN_INDEX;
376         }
377       }
378 
379       public long getCellTTL() {
380         if (!hasCellTTL()) {
381           return 0;
382         } else {
383           return Bytes.toLong(lineBytes, getColumnOffset(cellTTLColumnIndex),
384               getColumnLength(cellTTLColumnIndex));
385         }
386       }
387 
388       public int getColumnOffset(int idx) {
389         if (idx > 0)
390           return tabOffsets.get(idx - 1) + 1;
391         else
392           return 0;
393       }
394       public int getColumnLength(int idx) {
395         return tabOffsets.get(idx) - getColumnOffset(idx);
396       }
397       public int getColumnCount() {
398         return tabOffsets.size();
399       }
400       public byte[] getLineBytes() {
401         return lineBytes;
402       }
403     }
404 
405     public static class BadTsvLineException extends Exception {
406       public BadTsvLineException(String err) {
407         super(err);
408       }
409       private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
410     }
411 
412     /**
413      * Return starting position and length of row key from the specified line bytes.
414      * @param lineBytes
415      * @param length
416      * @return Pair of row key offset and length.
417      * @throws BadTsvLineException
418      */
419     public Pair<Integer, Integer> parseRowKey(byte[] lineBytes, int length)
420         throws BadTsvLineException {
421       int rkColumnIndex = 0;
422       int startPos = 0, endPos = 0;
423       for (int i = 0; i <= length; i++) {
424         if (i == length || lineBytes[i] == separatorByte) {
425           endPos = i - 1;
426           if (rkColumnIndex++ == getRowKeyColumnIndex()) {
427             if ((endPos + 1) == startPos) {
428               throw new BadTsvLineException("Empty value for ROW KEY.");
429             }
430             break;
431           } else {
432             startPos = endPos + 2;
433           }
434         }
435         if (i == length) {
436           throw new BadTsvLineException(
437               "Row key does not exist as number of columns in the line"
438                   + " are less than row key position.");
439         }
440       }
441       return new Pair<Integer, Integer>(startPos, endPos - startPos + 1);
442     }
443   }
444 
445   /**
446    * Sets up the actual job.
447    *
448    * @param conf  The current configuration.
449    * @param args  The command line parameters.
450    * @return The newly created job.
451    * @throws IOException When setting up the job fails.
452    */
453   public static Job createSubmittableJob(Configuration conf, String[] args)
454       throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
455     Job job = null;
456     try (Connection connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf)) {
457       try (Admin admin = connection.getAdmin()) {
458         // Support non-XML supported characters
459         // by re-encoding the passed separator as a Base64 string.
460         String actualSeparator = conf.get(SEPARATOR_CONF_KEY);
461         if (actualSeparator != null) {
462           conf.set(SEPARATOR_CONF_KEY,
463               Base64.encodeBytes(actualSeparator.getBytes()));
464         }
465 
466         // See if a non-default Mapper was set
467         String mapperClassName = conf.get(MAPPER_CONF_KEY);
468         Class mapperClass =
469           mapperClassName != null ? Class.forName(mapperClassName) : DEFAULT_MAPPER;
470 
471           TableName tableName = TableName.valueOf(args[0]);
472           Path inputDir = new Path(args[1]);
473           String jobName = conf.get(JOB_NAME_CONF_KEY,NAME + "_" + tableName.getNameAsString());
474           job = Job.getInstance(conf, jobName);
475           job.setJarByClass(mapperClass);
476           FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(job, inputDir);
477           job.setInputFormatClass(TextInputFormat.class);
478           job.setMapperClass(mapperClass);
479           String hfileOutPath = conf.get(BULK_OUTPUT_CONF_KEY);
480           String columns[] = conf.getStrings(COLUMNS_CONF_KEY);
481           if(StringUtils.isNotEmpty(conf.get(CREDENTIALS_LOCATION))) {
482             String fileLoc = conf.get(CREDENTIALS_LOCATION);
483             Credentials cred = Credentials.readTokenStorageFile(new File(fileLoc), conf);
484             job.getCredentials().addAll(cred);
485           }
486 
487           if (hfileOutPath != null) {
488             if (!admin.tableExists(tableName)) {
489               String errorMsg = format("Table '%s' does not exist.", tableName);
490               if ("yes".equalsIgnoreCase(conf.get(CREATE_TABLE_CONF_KEY, "yes"))) {
491                 LOG.warn(errorMsg);
492                 // TODO: this is backwards. Instead of depending on the existence of a table,
493                 // create a sane splits file for HFileOutputFormat based on data sampling.
494                 createTable(admin, tableName, columns);
495               } else {
496                 LOG.error(errorMsg);
497                 throw new TableNotFoundException(errorMsg);
498               }
499             }
500             try (Table table = connection.getTable(tableName);
501                 RegionLocator regionLocator = connection.getRegionLocator(tableName)) {
502               boolean noStrict = conf.getBoolean(NO_STRICT_COL_FAMILY, false);
503               // if no.strict is false then check column family
504               if(!noStrict) {
505                 ArrayList<String> unmatchedFamilies = new ArrayList<String>();
506                 Set<String> cfSet = getColumnFamilies(columns);
507                 HTableDescriptor tDesc = table.getTableDescriptor();
508                 for (String cf : cfSet) {
509                   if(tDesc.getFamily(Bytes.toBytes(cf)) == null) {
510                     unmatchedFamilies.add(cf);
511                   }
512                 }
513                 if(unmatchedFamilies.size() > 0) {
514                   ArrayList<String> familyNames = new ArrayList<String>();
515                   for (HColumnDescriptor family : table.getTableDescriptor().getFamilies()) {
516                     familyNames.add(family.getNameAsString());
517                   }
518                   String msg =
519                       "Column Families " + unmatchedFamilies + " specified in " + COLUMNS_CONF_KEY
520                       + " does not match with any of the table " + tableName
521                       + " column families " + familyNames + ".\n"
522                       + "To disable column family check, use -D" + NO_STRICT_COL_FAMILY
523                       + "=true.\n";
524                   usage(msg);
525                   System.exit(-1);
526                 } 
527               }
528               job.setReducerClass(PutSortReducer.class);
529               Path outputDir = new Path(hfileOutPath);
530               FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, outputDir);
531               job.setMapOutputKeyClass(ImmutableBytesWritable.class);
532               if (mapperClass.equals(TsvImporterTextMapper.class)) {
533                 job.setMapOutputValueClass(Text.class);
534                 job.setReducerClass(TextSortReducer.class);
535               } else {
536                 job.setMapOutputValueClass(Put.class);
537                 job.setCombinerClass(PutCombiner.class);
538               }
539               HFileOutputFormat2.configureIncrementalLoad(job, table.getTableDescriptor(),
540                   regionLocator);
541             }
542           } else {
543             if (!admin.tableExists(tableName)) {
544               String errorMsg = format("Table '%s' does not exist.", tableName);
545               LOG.error(errorMsg);
546               throw new TableNotFoundException(errorMsg);
547             }
548             if (mapperClass.equals(TsvImporterTextMapper.class)) {
549               usage(TsvImporterTextMapper.class.toString()
550                   + " should not be used for non bulkloading case. use "
551                   + TsvImporterMapper.class.toString()
552                   + " or custom mapper whose value type is Put.");
553               System.exit(-1);
554             }
555             // No reducers. Just write straight to table. Call initTableReducerJob
556             // to set up the TableOutputFormat.
557             TableMapReduceUtil.initTableReducerJob(tableName.getNameAsString(), null,
558                 job);
559             job.setNumReduceTasks(0);
560           }
561 
562           TableMapReduceUtil.addDependencyJars(job);
563           TableMapReduceUtil.addDependencyJars(job.getConfiguration(),
564               com.google.common.base.Function.class /* Guava used by TsvParser */);
565       }
566     }
567     return job;
568   }
569 
570   private static void createTable(Admin admin, TableName tableName, String[] columns)
571       throws IOException {
572     HTableDescriptor htd = new HTableDescriptor(tableName);
573     Set<String> cfSet = getColumnFamilies(columns);
574     for (String cf : cfSet) {
575       HColumnDescriptor hcd = new HColumnDescriptor(Bytes.toBytes(cf));
576       htd.addFamily(hcd);
577     }
578     LOG.warn(format("Creating table '%s' with '%s' columns and default descriptors.",
579       tableName, cfSet));
580     admin.createTable(htd);
581   }
582   
583   private static Set<String> getColumnFamilies(String[] columns) {
584     Set<String> cfSet = new HashSet<String>();
585     for (String aColumn : columns) {
586       if (TsvParser.ROWKEY_COLUMN_SPEC.equals(aColumn)
587           || TsvParser.TIMESTAMPKEY_COLUMN_SPEC.equals(aColumn)
588           || TsvParser.CELL_VISIBILITY_COLUMN_SPEC.equals(aColumn)
589           || TsvParser.CELL_TTL_COLUMN_SPEC.equals(aColumn)
590           || TsvParser.ATTRIBUTES_COLUMN_SPEC.equals(aColumn))
591         continue;
592       // we are only concerned with the first one (in case this is a cf:cq)
593       cfSet.add(aColumn.split(":", 2)[0]);
594     }
595     return cfSet;
596   }
597 
598   /*
599    * @param errorMsg Error message.  Can be null.
600    */
601   private static void usage(final String errorMsg) {
602     if (errorMsg != null && errorMsg.length() > 0) {
603       System.err.println("ERROR: " + errorMsg);
604     }
605     String usage =
606       "Usage: " + NAME + " -D"+ COLUMNS_CONF_KEY + "=a,b,c <tablename> <inputdir>\n" +
607       "\n" +
608       "Imports the given input directory of TSV data into the specified table.\n" +
609       "\n" +
610       "The column names of the TSV data must be specified using the -D" + COLUMNS_CONF_KEY + "\n" +
611       "option. This option takes the form of comma-separated column names, where each\n" +
612       "column name is either a simple column family, or a columnfamily:qualifier. The special\n" +
613       "column name " + TsvParser.ROWKEY_COLUMN_SPEC + " is used to designate that this column should be used\n" +
614       "as the row key for each imported record. You must specify exactly one column\n" +
615       "to be the row key, and you must specify a column name for every column that exists in the\n" +
616       "input data. Another special column" + TsvParser.TIMESTAMPKEY_COLUMN_SPEC +
617       " designates that this column should be\n" +
618       "used as timestamp for each record. Unlike " + TsvParser.ROWKEY_COLUMN_SPEC + ", " +
619       TsvParser.TIMESTAMPKEY_COLUMN_SPEC + " is optional.\n" +
620       "You must specify at most one column as timestamp key for each imported record.\n" +
621       "Record with invalid timestamps (blank, non-numeric) will be treated as bad record.\n" +
622       "Note: if you use this option, then '" + TIMESTAMP_CONF_KEY + "' option will be ignored.\n" +
623       "\n" +
624       "Other special columns that can be specified are " + TsvParser.CELL_TTL_COLUMN_SPEC +
625       " and " + TsvParser.CELL_VISIBILITY_COLUMN_SPEC + ".\n" +
626       TsvParser.CELL_TTL_COLUMN_SPEC + " designates that this column will be used " +
627       "as a Cell's Time To Live (TTL) attribute.\n" +
628       TsvParser.CELL_VISIBILITY_COLUMN_SPEC + " designates that this column contains the " +
629       "visibility label expression.\n" +
630       "\n" +
631       TsvParser.ATTRIBUTES_COLUMN_SPEC+" can be used to specify Operation Attributes per record.\n"+
632       " Should be specified as key=>value where "+TsvParser.DEFAULT_ATTRIBUTES_COLUMN_INDEX+ " is used \n"+
633       " as the seperator.  Note that more than one OperationAttributes can be specified.\n"+
634       "By default importtsv will load data directly into HBase. To instead generate\n" +
635       "HFiles of data to prepare for a bulk data load, pass the option:\n" +
636       "  -D" + BULK_OUTPUT_CONF_KEY + "=/path/for/output\n" +
637       "  Note: if you do not use this option, then the target table must already exist in HBase\n" +
638       "\n" +
639       "Other options that may be specified with -D include:\n" +
640       "  -D" + SKIP_LINES_CONF_KEY + "=false - fail if encountering an invalid line\n" +
641       "  '-D" + SEPARATOR_CONF_KEY + "=|' - eg separate on pipes instead of tabs\n" +
642       "  -D" + TIMESTAMP_CONF_KEY + "=currentTimeAsLong - use the specified timestamp for the import\n" +
643       "  -D" + MAPPER_CONF_KEY + "=my.Mapper - A user-defined Mapper to use instead of " +
644       DEFAULT_MAPPER.getName() + "\n" +
645       "  -D" + JOB_NAME_CONF_KEY + "=jobName - use the specified mapreduce job name for the import\n" +
646       "  -D" + CREATE_TABLE_CONF_KEY + "=no - can be used to avoid creation of table by this tool\n" +
647       "  Note: if you set this to 'no', then the target table must already exist in HBase\n" +
648       "  -D" + NO_STRICT_COL_FAMILY + "=true - ignore column family check in hbase table. " +
649       "Default is false\n\n" +
650       "For performance consider the following options:\n" +
651       "  -Dmapreduce.map.speculative=false\n" +
652       "  -Dmapreduce.reduce.speculative=false";
653 
654     System.err.println(usage);
655   }
656 
657   @Override
658   public int run(String[] args) throws Exception {
659     setConf(HBaseConfiguration.create(getConf()));
660     String[] otherArgs = new GenericOptionsParser(getConf(), args).getRemainingArgs();
661     if (otherArgs.length < 2) {
662       usage("Wrong number of arguments: " + otherArgs.length);
663       return -1;
664     }
665 
666     // When MAPPER_CONF_KEY is null, the user wants to use the provided TsvImporterMapper, so
667     // perform validation on these additional args. When it's not null, user has provided their
668     // own mapper, thus these validation are not relevant.
669     // TODO: validation for TsvImporterMapper, not this tool. Move elsewhere.
670     if (null == getConf().get(MAPPER_CONF_KEY)) {
671       // Make sure columns are specified
672       String columns[] = getConf().getStrings(COLUMNS_CONF_KEY);
673       if (columns == null) {
674         usage("No columns specified. Please specify with -D" +
675             COLUMNS_CONF_KEY+"=...");
676         return -1;
677       }
678 
679       // Make sure they specify exactly one column as the row key
680       int rowkeysFound = 0;
681       for (String col : columns) {
682         if (col.equals(TsvParser.ROWKEY_COLUMN_SPEC)) rowkeysFound++;
683       }
684       if (rowkeysFound != 1) {
685         usage("Must specify exactly one column as " + TsvParser.ROWKEY_COLUMN_SPEC);
686         return -1;
687       }
688 
689       // Make sure we have at most one column as the timestamp key
690       int tskeysFound = 0;
691       for (String col : columns) {
692         if (col.equals(TsvParser.TIMESTAMPKEY_COLUMN_SPEC))
693           tskeysFound++;
694       }
695       if (tskeysFound > 1) {
696         usage("Must specify at most one column as "
697             + TsvParser.TIMESTAMPKEY_COLUMN_SPEC);
698         return -1;
699       }
700 
701       int attrKeysFound = 0;
702       for (String col : columns) {
703         if (col.equals(TsvParser.ATTRIBUTES_COLUMN_SPEC))
704           attrKeysFound++;
705       }
706       if (attrKeysFound > 1) {
707         usage("Must specify at most one column as "
708             + TsvParser.ATTRIBUTES_COLUMN_SPEC);
709         return -1;
710       }
711 
712       // Make sure one or more columns are specified excluding rowkey and
713       // timestamp key
714       if (columns.length - (rowkeysFound + tskeysFound + attrKeysFound) < 1) {
715         usage("One or more columns in addition to the row key and timestamp(optional) are required");
716         return -1;
717       }
718     }
719 
720     // If timestamp option is not specified, use current system time.
721     long timstamp = getConf().getLong(TIMESTAMP_CONF_KEY, System.currentTimeMillis());
722 
723     // Set it back to replace invalid timestamp (non-numeric) with current
724     // system time
725     getConf().setLong(TIMESTAMP_CONF_KEY, timstamp);
726 
727     Job job = createSubmittableJob(getConf(), otherArgs);
728     return job.waitForCompletion(true) ? 0 : 1;
729   }
730 
731   public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
732     int status = ToolRunner.run(new ImportTsv(), args);
733     System.exit(status);
734   }
735 }