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1   /*
2    *
3    * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
4    * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
5    * distributed with this work for additional information
6    * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
7    * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
8    * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
9    * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
10   *
11   *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
12   *
13   * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
14   * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
15   * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
16   * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
17   * limitations under the License.
18   */
19  
20  package org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client;
21  
22  import java.io.IOException;
23  import java.util.ArrayList;
24  import java.util.Arrays;
25  import java.util.HashMap;
26  import java.util.List;
27  import java.util.Map;
28  import java.util.NavigableSet;
29  import java.util.TreeMap;
30  import java.util.TreeSet;
31  
32  import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
33  import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
34  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.classification.InterfaceAudience;
35  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.classification.InterfaceStability;
36  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HConstants;
37  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.metrics.ScanMetrics;
38  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.Filter;
39  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.IncompatibleFilterException;
40  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.io.TimeRange;
41  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.protobuf.ProtobufUtil;
42  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.security.access.Permission;
43  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.security.visibility.Authorizations;
44  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
45  
46  /**
47   * Used to perform Scan operations.
48   * <p>
49   * All operations are identical to {@link Get} with the exception of
50   * instantiation.  Rather than specifying a single row, an optional startRow
51   * and stopRow may be defined.  If rows are not specified, the Scanner will
52   * iterate over all rows.
53   * <p>
54   * To get all columns from all rows of a Table, create an instance with no constraints; use the
55   * {@link #Scan()} constructor. To constrain the scan to specific column families,
56   * call {@link #addFamily(byte[]) addFamily} for each family to retrieve on your Scan instance.
57   * <p>
58   * To get specific columns, call {@link #addColumn(byte[], byte[]) addColumn}
59   * for each column to retrieve.
60   * <p>
61   * To only retrieve columns within a specific range of version timestamps,
62   * call {@link #setTimeRange(long, long) setTimeRange}.
63   * <p>
64   * To only retrieve columns with a specific timestamp, call
65   * {@link #setTimeStamp(long) setTimestamp}.
66   * <p>
67   * To limit the number of versions of each column to be returned, call
68   * {@link #setMaxVersions(int) setMaxVersions}.
69   * <p>
70   * To limit the maximum number of values returned for each call to next(),
71   * call {@link #setBatch(int) setBatch}.
72   * <p>
73   * To add a filter, call {@link #setFilter(org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.Filter) setFilter}.
74   * <p>
75   * Expert: To explicitly disable server-side block caching for this scan,
76   * execute {@link #setCacheBlocks(boolean)}.
77   * <p><em>Note:</em> Usage alters Scan instances. Internally, attributes are updated as the Scan
78   * runs and if enabled, metrics accumulate in the Scan instance. Be aware this is the case when
79   * you go to clone a Scan instance or if you go to reuse a created Scan instance; safer is create
80   * a Scan instance per usage.
81   */
82  @InterfaceAudience.Public
83  @InterfaceStability.Stable
84  public class Scan extends Query {
85    private static final Log LOG = LogFactory.getLog(Scan.class);
86  
87    private static final String RAW_ATTR = "_raw_";
88  
89    private byte [] startRow = HConstants.EMPTY_START_ROW;
90    private byte [] stopRow  = HConstants.EMPTY_END_ROW;
91    private int maxVersions = 1;
92    private int batch = -1;
93  
94    /**
95     * Partial {@link Result}s are {@link Result}s must be combined to form a complete {@link Result}.
96     * The {@link Result}s had to be returned in fragments (i.e. as partials) because the size of the
97     * cells in the row exceeded max result size on the server. Typically partial results will be
98     * combined client side into complete results before being delivered to the caller. However, if
99     * this flag is set, the caller is indicating that they do not mind seeing partial results (i.e.
100    * they understand that the results returned from the Scanner may only represent part of a
101    * particular row). In such a case, any attempt to combine the partials into a complete result on
102    * the client side will be skipped, and the caller will be able to see the exact results returned
103    * from the server.
104    */
105   private boolean allowPartialResults = false;
106 
107   private int storeLimit = -1;
108   private int storeOffset = 0;
109   private boolean getScan;
110 
111   /**
112    * @deprecated since 1.0.0. Use {@link #setScanMetricsEnabled(boolean)}
113    */
114   // Make private or remove.
115   @Deprecated
116   static public final String SCAN_ATTRIBUTES_METRICS_ENABLE = "scan.attributes.metrics.enable";
117 
118   /**
119    * Use {@link #getScanMetrics()}
120    */
121   // Make this private or remove.
122   @Deprecated
123   static public final String SCAN_ATTRIBUTES_METRICS_DATA = "scan.attributes.metrics.data";
124 
125   // If an application wants to use multiple scans over different tables each scan must
126   // define this attribute with the appropriate table name by calling
127   // scan.setAttribute(Scan.SCAN_ATTRIBUTES_TABLE_NAME, Bytes.toBytes(tableName))
128   static public final String SCAN_ATTRIBUTES_TABLE_NAME = "scan.attributes.table.name";
129 
130   /**
131    * @deprecated without replacement
132    *             This is now a no-op, SEEKs and SKIPs are optimizated automatically.
133    *             Will be removed in 2.0+
134    */
135   @Deprecated
136   public static final String HINT_LOOKAHEAD = "_look_ahead_";
137 
138   /*
139    * -1 means no caching specified and the value of {@link HConstants#HBASE_CLIENT_SCANNER_CACHING}
140    * (default to {@link HConstants#DEFAULT_HBASE_CLIENT_SCANNER_CACHING}) will be used
141    */
142   private int caching = -1;
143   private long maxResultSize = -1;
144   private boolean cacheBlocks = true;
145   private boolean reversed = false;
146   private TimeRange tr = new TimeRange();
147   private Map<byte [], NavigableSet<byte []>> familyMap =
148     new TreeMap<byte [], NavigableSet<byte []>>(Bytes.BYTES_COMPARATOR);
149 
150   /**
151    * Set it true for small scan to get better performance
152    *
153    * Small scan should use pread and big scan can use seek + read
154    *
155    * seek + read is fast but can cause two problem (1) resource contention (2)
156    * cause too much network io
157    *
158    * [89-fb] Using pread for non-compaction read request
159    * https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HBASE-7266
160    *
161    * On the other hand, if setting it true, we would do
162    * openScanner,next,closeScanner in one RPC call. It means the better
163    * performance for small scan. [HBASE-9488].
164    *
165    * Generally, if the scan range is within one data block(64KB), it could be
166    * considered as a small scan.
167    */
168   private boolean small = false;
169 
170   /**
171    * Create a Scan operation across all rows.
172    */
173   public Scan() {}
174 
175   public Scan(byte [] startRow, Filter filter) {
176     this(startRow);
177     this.filter = filter;
178   }
179 
180   /**
181    * Create a Scan operation starting at the specified row.
182    * <p>
183    * If the specified row does not exist, the Scanner will start from the
184    * next closest row after the specified row.
185    * @param startRow row to start scanner at or after
186    */
187   public Scan(byte [] startRow) {
188     this.startRow = startRow;
189   }
190 
191   /**
192    * Create a Scan operation for the range of rows specified.
193    * @param startRow row to start scanner at or after (inclusive)
194    * @param stopRow row to stop scanner before (exclusive)
195    */
196   public Scan(byte [] startRow, byte [] stopRow) {
197     this.startRow = startRow;
198     this.stopRow = stopRow;
199     //if the startRow and stopRow both are empty, it is not a Get
200     this.getScan = isStartRowAndEqualsStopRow();
201   }
202 
203   /**
204    * Creates a new instance of this class while copying all values.
205    *
206    * @param scan  The scan instance to copy from.
207    * @throws IOException When copying the values fails.
208    */
209   public Scan(Scan scan) throws IOException {
210     startRow = scan.getStartRow();
211     stopRow  = scan.getStopRow();
212     maxVersions = scan.getMaxVersions();
213     batch = scan.getBatch();
214     storeLimit = scan.getMaxResultsPerColumnFamily();
215     storeOffset = scan.getRowOffsetPerColumnFamily();
216     caching = scan.getCaching();
217     maxResultSize = scan.getMaxResultSize();
218     cacheBlocks = scan.getCacheBlocks();
219     getScan = scan.isGetScan();
220     filter = scan.getFilter(); // clone?
221     loadColumnFamiliesOnDemand = scan.getLoadColumnFamiliesOnDemandValue();
222     consistency = scan.getConsistency();
223     this.setIsolationLevel(scan.getIsolationLevel());
224     reversed = scan.isReversed();
225     small = scan.isSmall();
226     allowPartialResults = scan.getAllowPartialResults();
227     TimeRange ctr = scan.getTimeRange();
228     tr = new TimeRange(ctr.getMin(), ctr.getMax());
229     Map<byte[], NavigableSet<byte[]>> fams = scan.getFamilyMap();
230     for (Map.Entry<byte[],NavigableSet<byte[]>> entry : fams.entrySet()) {
231       byte [] fam = entry.getKey();
232       NavigableSet<byte[]> cols = entry.getValue();
233       if (cols != null && cols.size() > 0) {
234         for (byte[] col : cols) {
235           addColumn(fam, col);
236         }
237       } else {
238         addFamily(fam);
239       }
240     }
241     for (Map.Entry<String, byte[]> attr : scan.getAttributesMap().entrySet()) {
242       setAttribute(attr.getKey(), attr.getValue());
243     }
244     for (Map.Entry<byte[], TimeRange> entry : scan.getColumnFamilyTimeRange().entrySet()) {
245       TimeRange tr = entry.getValue();
246       setColumnFamilyTimeRange(entry.getKey(), tr.getMin(), tr.getMax());
247     }
248   }
249 
250   /**
251    * Builds a scan object with the same specs as get.
252    * @param get get to model scan after
253    */
254   public Scan(Get get) {
255     this.startRow = get.getRow();
256     this.stopRow = get.getRow();
257     this.filter = get.getFilter();
258     this.cacheBlocks = get.getCacheBlocks();
259     this.maxVersions = get.getMaxVersions();
260     this.storeLimit = get.getMaxResultsPerColumnFamily();
261     this.storeOffset = get.getRowOffsetPerColumnFamily();
262     this.tr = get.getTimeRange();
263     this.familyMap = get.getFamilyMap();
264     this.getScan = true;
265     this.consistency = get.getConsistency();
266     this.setIsolationLevel(get.getIsolationLevel());
267     this.loadColumnFamiliesOnDemand = get.getLoadColumnFamiliesOnDemandValue();
268     for (Map.Entry<String, byte[]> attr : get.getAttributesMap().entrySet()) {
269       setAttribute(attr.getKey(), attr.getValue());
270     }
271     for (Map.Entry<byte[], TimeRange> entry : get.getColumnFamilyTimeRange().entrySet()) {
272       TimeRange tr = entry.getValue();
273       setColumnFamilyTimeRange(entry.getKey(), tr.getMin(), tr.getMax());
274     }
275   }
276 
277   public boolean isGetScan() {
278     return this.getScan || isStartRowAndEqualsStopRow();
279   }
280 
281   private boolean isStartRowAndEqualsStopRow() {
282     return this.startRow != null && this.startRow.length > 0 &&
283         Bytes.equals(this.startRow, this.stopRow);
284   }
285   /**
286    * Get all columns from the specified family.
287    * <p>
288    * Overrides previous calls to addColumn for this family.
289    * @param family family name
290    * @return this
291    */
292   public Scan addFamily(byte [] family) {
293     familyMap.remove(family);
294     familyMap.put(family, null);
295     return this;
296   }
297 
298   /**
299    * Get the column from the specified family with the specified qualifier.
300    * <p>
301    * Overrides previous calls to addFamily for this family.
302    * @param family family name
303    * @param qualifier column qualifier
304    * @return this
305    */
306   public Scan addColumn(byte [] family, byte [] qualifier) {
307     NavigableSet<byte []> set = familyMap.get(family);
308     if(set == null) {
309       set = new TreeSet<byte []>(Bytes.BYTES_COMPARATOR);
310     }
311     if (qualifier == null) {
312       qualifier = HConstants.EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY;
313     }
314     set.add(qualifier);
315     familyMap.put(family, set);
316     return this;
317   }
318 
319   /**
320    * Get versions of columns only within the specified timestamp range,
321    * [minStamp, maxStamp).  Note, default maximum versions to return is 1.  If
322    * your time range spans more than one version and you want all versions
323    * returned, up the number of versions beyond the default.
324    * @param minStamp minimum timestamp value, inclusive
325    * @param maxStamp maximum timestamp value, exclusive
326    * @see #setMaxVersions()
327    * @see #setMaxVersions(int)
328    * @return this
329    */
330   public Scan setTimeRange(long minStamp, long maxStamp) throws IOException {
331     tr = new TimeRange(minStamp, maxStamp);
332     return this;
333   }
334 
335   /**
336    * Get versions of columns with the specified timestamp. Note, default maximum
337    * versions to return is 1.  If your time range spans more than one version
338    * and you want all versions returned, up the number of versions beyond the
339    * defaut.
340    * @param timestamp version timestamp
341    * @see #setMaxVersions()
342    * @see #setMaxVersions(int)
343    * @return this
344    */
345   public Scan setTimeStamp(long timestamp)
346   throws IOException {
347     try {
348       tr = new TimeRange(timestamp, timestamp+1);
349     } catch(Exception e) {
350       // This should never happen, unless integer overflow or something extremely wrong...
351       LOG.error("TimeRange failed, likely caused by integer overflow. ", e);
352       throw e;
353     }
354     return this;
355   }
356 
357   @Override public Scan setColumnFamilyTimeRange(byte[] cf, long minStamp, long maxStamp) {
358     return (Scan) super.setColumnFamilyTimeRange(cf, minStamp, maxStamp);
359   }
360 
361   /**
362    * Set the start row of the scan.
363    * @param startRow row to start scan on (inclusive)
364    * Note: In order to make startRow exclusive add a trailing 0 byte
365    * @return this
366    */
367   public Scan setStartRow(byte [] startRow) {
368     this.startRow = startRow;
369     return this;
370   }
371 
372   /**
373    * Set the stop row.
374    * @param stopRow row to end at (exclusive)
375    * <p><b>Note:</b> In order to make stopRow inclusive add a trailing 0 byte</p>
376    * <p><b>Note:</b> When doing a filter for a rowKey <u>Prefix</u>
377    * use {@link #setRowPrefixFilter(byte[])}.
378    * The 'trailing 0' will not yield the desired result.</p>
379    * @return this
380    */
381   public Scan setStopRow(byte [] stopRow) {
382     this.stopRow = stopRow;
383     return this;
384   }
385 
386   /**
387    * <p>Set a filter (using stopRow and startRow) so the result set only contains rows where the
388    * rowKey starts with the specified prefix.</p>
389    * <p>This is a utility method that converts the desired rowPrefix into the appropriate values
390    * for the startRow and stopRow to achieve the desired result.</p>
391    * <p>This can safely be used in combination with setFilter.</p>
392    * <p><b>NOTE: Doing a {@link #setStartRow(byte[])} and/or {@link #setStopRow(byte[])}
393    * after this method will yield undefined results.</b></p>
394    * @param rowPrefix the prefix all rows must start with. (Set <i>null</i> to remove the filter.)
395    * @return this
396    */
397   public Scan setRowPrefixFilter(byte[] rowPrefix) {
398     if (rowPrefix == null) {
399       setStartRow(HConstants.EMPTY_START_ROW);
400       setStopRow(HConstants.EMPTY_END_ROW);
401     } else {
402       this.setStartRow(rowPrefix);
403       this.setStopRow(calculateTheClosestNextRowKeyForPrefix(rowPrefix));
404     }
405     return this;
406   }
407 
408   /**
409    * <p>When scanning for a prefix the scan should stop immediately after the the last row that
410    * has the specified prefix. This method calculates the closest next rowKey immediately following
411    * the given rowKeyPrefix.</p>
412    * <p><b>IMPORTANT: This converts a rowKey<u>Prefix</u> into a rowKey</b>.</p>
413    * <p>If the prefix is an 'ASCII' string put into a byte[] then this is easy because you can
414    * simply increment the last byte of the array.
415    * But if your application uses real binary rowids you may run into the scenario that your
416    * prefix is something like:</p>
417    * &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>{ 0x12, 0x23, 0xFF, 0xFF }</b><br/>
418    * Then this stopRow needs to be fed into the actual scan<br/>
419    * &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>{ 0x12, 0x24 }</b> (Notice that it is shorter now)<br/>
420    * This method calculates the correct stop row value for this usecase.
421    *
422    * @param rowKeyPrefix the rowKey<u>Prefix</u>.
423    * @return the closest next rowKey immediately following the given rowKeyPrefix.
424    */
425   private byte[] calculateTheClosestNextRowKeyForPrefix(byte[] rowKeyPrefix) {
426     // Essentially we are treating it like an 'unsigned very very long' and doing +1 manually.
427     // Search for the place where the trailing 0xFFs start
428     int offset = rowKeyPrefix.length;
429     while (offset > 0) {
430       if (rowKeyPrefix[offset - 1] != (byte) 0xFF) {
431         break;
432       }
433       offset--;
434     }
435 
436     if (offset == 0) {
437       // We got an 0xFFFF... (only FFs) stopRow value which is
438       // the last possible prefix before the end of the table.
439       // So set it to stop at the 'end of the table'
440       return HConstants.EMPTY_END_ROW;
441     }
442 
443     // Copy the right length of the original
444     byte[] newStopRow = Arrays.copyOfRange(rowKeyPrefix, 0, offset);
445     // And increment the last one
446     newStopRow[newStopRow.length - 1]++;
447     return newStopRow;
448   }
449 
450   /**
451    * Get all available versions.
452    * @return this
453    */
454   public Scan setMaxVersions() {
455     this.maxVersions = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
456     return this;
457   }
458 
459   /**
460    * Get up to the specified number of versions of each column.
461    * @param maxVersions maximum versions for each column
462    * @return this
463    */
464   public Scan setMaxVersions(int maxVersions) {
465     this.maxVersions = maxVersions;
466     return this;
467   }
468 
469   /**
470    * Set the maximum number of values to return for each call to next().
471    * Callers should be aware that invoking this method with any value
472    * is equivalent to calling {@link #setAllowPartialResults(boolean)}
473    * with a value of {@code true}; partial results may be returned if
474    * this method is called. Use {@link #setMaxResultSize(long)}} to
475    * limit the size of a Scan's Results instead.
476    *
477    * @param batch the maximum number of values
478    */
479   public Scan setBatch(int batch) {
480     if (this.hasFilter() && this.filter.hasFilterRow()) {
481       throw new IncompatibleFilterException(
482         "Cannot set batch on a scan using a filter" +
483         " that returns true for filter.hasFilterRow");
484     }
485     this.batch = batch;
486     return this;
487   }
488 
489   /**
490    * Set the maximum number of values to return per row per Column Family
491    * @param limit the maximum number of values returned / row / CF
492    */
493   public Scan setMaxResultsPerColumnFamily(int limit) {
494     this.storeLimit = limit;
495     return this;
496   }
497 
498   /**
499    * Set offset for the row per Column Family.
500    * @param offset is the number of kvs that will be skipped.
501    */
502   public Scan setRowOffsetPerColumnFamily(int offset) {
503     this.storeOffset = offset;
504     return this;
505   }
506 
507   /**
508    * Set the number of rows for caching that will be passed to scanners.
509    * If not set, the Configuration setting {@link HConstants#HBASE_CLIENT_SCANNER_CACHING} will
510    * apply.
511    * Higher caching values will enable faster scanners but will use more memory.
512    * @param caching the number of rows for caching
513    */
514   public Scan setCaching(int caching) {
515     this.caching = caching;
516     return this;
517   }
518 
519   /**
520    * @return the maximum result size in bytes. See {@link #setMaxResultSize(long)}
521    */
522   public long getMaxResultSize() {
523     return maxResultSize;
524   }
525 
526   /**
527    * Set the maximum result size. The default is -1; this means that no specific
528    * maximum result size will be set for this scan, and the global configured
529    * value will be used instead. (Defaults to unlimited).
530    *
531    * @param maxResultSize The maximum result size in bytes.
532    */
533   public Scan setMaxResultSize(long maxResultSize) {
534     this.maxResultSize = maxResultSize;
535     return this;
536   }
537 
538   @Override
539   public Scan setFilter(Filter filter) {
540     super.setFilter(filter);
541     return this;
542   }
543 
544   /**
545    * Setting the familyMap
546    * @param familyMap map of family to qualifier
547    * @return this
548    */
549   public Scan setFamilyMap(Map<byte [], NavigableSet<byte []>> familyMap) {
550     this.familyMap = familyMap;
551     return this;
552   }
553 
554   /**
555    * Getting the familyMap
556    * @return familyMap
557    */
558   public Map<byte [], NavigableSet<byte []>> getFamilyMap() {
559     return this.familyMap;
560   }
561 
562   /**
563    * @return the number of families in familyMap
564    */
565   public int numFamilies() {
566     if(hasFamilies()) {
567       return this.familyMap.size();
568     }
569     return 0;
570   }
571 
572   /**
573    * @return true if familyMap is non empty, false otherwise
574    */
575   public boolean hasFamilies() {
576     return !this.familyMap.isEmpty();
577   }
578 
579   /**
580    * @return the keys of the familyMap
581    */
582   public byte[][] getFamilies() {
583     if(hasFamilies()) {
584       return this.familyMap.keySet().toArray(new byte[0][0]);
585     }
586     return null;
587   }
588 
589   /**
590    * @return the startrow
591    */
592   public byte [] getStartRow() {
593     return this.startRow;
594   }
595 
596   /**
597    * @return the stoprow
598    */
599   public byte [] getStopRow() {
600     return this.stopRow;
601   }
602 
603   /**
604    * @return the max number of versions to fetch
605    */
606   public int getMaxVersions() {
607     return this.maxVersions;
608   }
609 
610   /**
611    * @return maximum number of values to return for a single call to next()
612    */
613   public int getBatch() {
614     return this.batch;
615   }
616 
617   /**
618    * @return maximum number of values to return per row per CF
619    */
620   public int getMaxResultsPerColumnFamily() {
621     return this.storeLimit;
622   }
623 
624   /**
625    * Method for retrieving the scan's offset per row per column
626    * family (#kvs to be skipped)
627    * @return row offset
628    */
629   public int getRowOffsetPerColumnFamily() {
630     return this.storeOffset;
631   }
632 
633   /**
634    * @return caching the number of rows fetched when calling next on a scanner
635    */
636   public int getCaching() {
637     return this.caching;
638   }
639 
640   /**
641    * @return TimeRange
642    */
643   public TimeRange getTimeRange() {
644     return this.tr;
645   }
646 
647   /**
648    * @return RowFilter
649    */
650   @Override
651   public Filter getFilter() {
652     return filter;
653   }
654 
655   /**
656    * @return true is a filter has been specified, false if not
657    */
658   public boolean hasFilter() {
659     return filter != null;
660   }
661 
662   /**
663    * Set whether blocks should be cached for this Scan.
664    * <p>
665    * This is true by default.  When true, default settings of the table and
666    * family are used (this will never override caching blocks if the block
667    * cache is disabled for that family or entirely).
668    *
669    * @param cacheBlocks if false, default settings are overridden and blocks
670    * will not be cached
671    */
672   public Scan setCacheBlocks(boolean cacheBlocks) {
673     this.cacheBlocks = cacheBlocks;
674     return this;
675   }
676 
677   /**
678    * Get whether blocks should be cached for this Scan.
679    * @return true if default caching should be used, false if blocks should not
680    * be cached
681    */
682   public boolean getCacheBlocks() {
683     return cacheBlocks;
684   }
685 
686   /**
687    * Set whether this scan is a reversed one
688    * <p>
689    * This is false by default which means forward(normal) scan.
690    *
691    * @param reversed if true, scan will be backward order
692    * @return this
693    */
694   public Scan setReversed(boolean reversed) {
695     this.reversed = reversed;
696     return this;
697   }
698 
699   /**
700    * Get whether this scan is a reversed one.
701    * @return true if backward scan, false if forward(default) scan
702    */
703   public boolean isReversed() {
704     return reversed;
705   }
706 
707   /**
708    * Setting whether the caller wants to see the partial results that may be returned from the
709    * server. By default this value is false and the complete results will be assembled client side
710    * before being delivered to the caller.
711    * @param allowPartialResults
712    * @return this
713    */
714   public Scan setAllowPartialResults(final boolean allowPartialResults) {
715     this.allowPartialResults = allowPartialResults;
716     return this;
717   }
718 
719   /**
720    * @return true when the constructor of this scan understands that the results they will see may
721    *         only represent a partial portion of a row. The entire row would be retrieved by
722    *         subsequent calls to {@link ResultScanner#next()}
723    */
724   public boolean getAllowPartialResults() {
725     return allowPartialResults;
726   }
727 
728   public Scan setLoadColumnFamiliesOnDemand(boolean value) {
729     return (Scan) super.setLoadColumnFamiliesOnDemand(value);
730   }
731 
732   /**
733    * Compile the table and column family (i.e. schema) information
734    * into a String. Useful for parsing and aggregation by debugging,
735    * logging, and administration tools.
736    * @return Map
737    */
738   @Override
739   public Map<String, Object> getFingerprint() {
740     Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
741     List<String> families = new ArrayList<String>();
742     if(this.familyMap.size() == 0) {
743       map.put("families", "ALL");
744       return map;
745     } else {
746       map.put("families", families);
747     }
748     for (Map.Entry<byte [], NavigableSet<byte[]>> entry :
749         this.familyMap.entrySet()) {
750       families.add(Bytes.toStringBinary(entry.getKey()));
751     }
752     return map;
753   }
754 
755   /**
756    * Compile the details beyond the scope of getFingerprint (row, columns,
757    * timestamps, etc.) into a Map along with the fingerprinted information.
758    * Useful for debugging, logging, and administration tools.
759    * @param maxCols a limit on the number of columns output prior to truncation
760    * @return Map
761    */
762   @Override
763   public Map<String, Object> toMap(int maxCols) {
764     // start with the fingerpring map and build on top of it
765     Map<String, Object> map = getFingerprint();
766     // map from families to column list replaces fingerprint's list of families
767     Map<String, List<String>> familyColumns =
768       new HashMap<String, List<String>>();
769     map.put("families", familyColumns);
770     // add scalar information first
771     map.put("startRow", Bytes.toStringBinary(this.startRow));
772     map.put("stopRow", Bytes.toStringBinary(this.stopRow));
773     map.put("maxVersions", this.maxVersions);
774     map.put("batch", this.batch);
775     map.put("caching", this.caching);
776     map.put("maxResultSize", this.maxResultSize);
777     map.put("cacheBlocks", this.cacheBlocks);
778     map.put("loadColumnFamiliesOnDemand", this.loadColumnFamiliesOnDemand);
779     List<Long> timeRange = new ArrayList<Long>();
780     timeRange.add(this.tr.getMin());
781     timeRange.add(this.tr.getMax());
782     map.put("timeRange", timeRange);
783     int colCount = 0;
784     // iterate through affected families and list out up to maxCols columns
785     for (Map.Entry<byte [], NavigableSet<byte[]>> entry :
786       this.familyMap.entrySet()) {
787       List<String> columns = new ArrayList<String>();
788       familyColumns.put(Bytes.toStringBinary(entry.getKey()), columns);
789       if(entry.getValue() == null) {
790         colCount++;
791         --maxCols;
792         columns.add("ALL");
793       } else {
794         colCount += entry.getValue().size();
795         if (maxCols <= 0) {
796           continue;
797         }
798         for (byte [] column : entry.getValue()) {
799           if (--maxCols <= 0) {
800             continue;
801           }
802           columns.add(Bytes.toStringBinary(column));
803         }
804       }
805     }
806     map.put("totalColumns", colCount);
807     if (this.filter != null) {
808       map.put("filter", this.filter.toString());
809     }
810     // add the id if set
811     if (getId() != null) {
812       map.put("id", getId());
813     }
814     return map;
815   }
816 
817   /**
818    * Enable/disable "raw" mode for this scan.
819    * If "raw" is enabled the scan will return all
820    * delete marker and deleted rows that have not
821    * been collected, yet.
822    * This is mostly useful for Scan on column families
823    * that have KEEP_DELETED_ROWS enabled.
824    * It is an error to specify any column when "raw" is set.
825    * @param raw True/False to enable/disable "raw" mode.
826    */
827   public Scan setRaw(boolean raw) {
828     setAttribute(RAW_ATTR, Bytes.toBytes(raw));
829     return this;
830   }
831 
832   /**
833    * @return True if this Scan is in "raw" mode.
834    */
835   public boolean isRaw() {
836     byte[] attr = getAttribute(RAW_ATTR);
837     return attr == null ? false : Bytes.toBoolean(attr);
838   }
839 
840 
841 
842   /**
843    * Set whether this scan is a small scan
844    * <p>
845    * Small scan should use pread and big scan can use seek + read
846    *
847    * seek + read is fast but can cause two problem (1) resource contention (2)
848    * cause too much network io
849    *
850    * [89-fb] Using pread for non-compaction read request
851    * https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HBASE-7266
852    *
853    * On the other hand, if setting it true, we would do
854    * openScanner,next,closeScanner in one RPC call. It means the better
855    * performance for small scan. [HBASE-9488].
856    *
857    * Generally, if the scan range is within one data block(64KB), it could be
858    * considered as a small scan.
859    *
860    * @param small
861    */
862   public Scan setSmall(boolean small) {
863     this.small = small;
864     return this;
865   }
866 
867   /**
868    * Get whether this scan is a small scan
869    * @return true if small scan
870    */
871   public boolean isSmall() {
872     return small;
873   }
874 
875   @Override
876   public Scan setAttribute(String name, byte[] value) {
877     return (Scan) super.setAttribute(name, value);
878   }
879 
880   @Override
881   public Scan setId(String id) {
882     return (Scan) super.setId(id);
883   }
884 
885   @Override
886   public Scan setAuthorizations(Authorizations authorizations) {
887     return (Scan) super.setAuthorizations(authorizations);
888   }
889 
890   @Override
891   public Scan setACL(Map<String, Permission> perms) {
892     return (Scan) super.setACL(perms);
893   }
894 
895   @Override
896   public Scan setACL(String user, Permission perms) {
897     return (Scan) super.setACL(user, perms);
898   }
899 
900   @Override
901   public Scan setConsistency(Consistency consistency) {
902     return (Scan) super.setConsistency(consistency);
903   }
904 
905   @Override
906   public Scan setReplicaId(int Id) {
907     return (Scan) super.setReplicaId(Id);
908   }
909 
910   @Override
911   public Scan setIsolationLevel(IsolationLevel level) {
912     return (Scan) super.setIsolationLevel(level);
913   }
914 
915   /**
916    * Utility that creates a Scan that will do a  small scan in reverse from passed row
917    * looking for next closest row.
918    * @param row
919    * @param family
920    * @return An instance of Scan primed with passed <code>row</code> and <code>family</code> to
921    * scan in reverse for one row only.
922    */
923   static Scan createGetClosestRowOrBeforeReverseScan(byte[] row) {
924     // Below does not work if you add in family; need to add the family qualifier that is highest
925     // possible family qualifier.  Do we have such a notion?  Would have to be magic.
926     Scan scan = new Scan(row);
927     scan.setSmall(true);
928     scan.setReversed(true);
929     scan.setCaching(1);
930     return scan;
931   }
932 
933   /**
934    * Enable collection of {@link ScanMetrics}. For advanced users.
935    * @param enabled Set to true to enable accumulating scan metrics
936    */
937   public Scan setScanMetricsEnabled(final boolean enabled) {
938     setAttribute(Scan.SCAN_ATTRIBUTES_METRICS_ENABLE, Bytes.toBytes(Boolean.valueOf(enabled)));
939     return this;
940   }
941 
942   /**
943    * @return True if collection of scan metrics is enabled. For advanced users.
944    */
945   public boolean isScanMetricsEnabled() {
946     byte[] attr = getAttribute(Scan.SCAN_ATTRIBUTES_METRICS_ENABLE);
947     return attr == null ? false : Bytes.toBoolean(attr);
948   }
949 
950   /**
951    * @return Metrics on this Scan, if metrics were enabled.
952    * @see #setScanMetricsEnabled(boolean)
953    */
954   public ScanMetrics getScanMetrics() {
955     byte [] bytes = getAttribute(Scan.SCAN_ATTRIBUTES_METRICS_DATA);
956     if (bytes == null) return null;
957     return ProtobufUtil.toScanMetrics(bytes);
958   }
959 }